OTA Update Component¶
With the OTA (Over The Air) update component you can upload your
firmware binaries to your node without having to use a USB cable for
uploads. ESPHome natively supports this through its run
and
upload
helper scripts.
ESPHome also has an “OTA safe mode”. If for some reason your
node gets into a boot loop, ESPHome will automatically try to detect
this and will go over into a safe mode after the configured unsuccessful boot
attempts (Defaults to 10
). In that mode, all components are disabled and only Serial
Logging + Network(WiFi or Ethernet) + OTA are initialized, so that you can upload a new
binary. You can trigger entering safe mode by either configuring a dedicated button or
switch to do that or by pressing the reset button on the board for num_attempts
times.
# Example configuration entry
ota:
safe_mode: true
password: !secret ota_password
Configuration variables:¶
safe_mode (Optional, boolean): Whether to enable safe mode. Defaults to
true
.password (Optional, string): The password to use for updates.
port (Optional, int): The port to use for OTA updates. Defaults:
3232
for the ESP328266
for the ESP82662040
for the RP2040
id (Optional, ID): Manually specify the ID used for code generation.
reboot_timeout (Optional, Time): The amount of time to wait before rebooting when in safe mode. Defaults to
5min
.num_attempts (Optional, int): The number of attempts to wait before entering safe mode. Defaults to
10
.on_begin (Optional, Automation): An action to be performed when an OTA update is started. See on_begin.
on_progress (Optional, Automation): An action to be performed (multiple times) during an OTA update. See on_progress.
on_end (Optional, Automation): An action to be performed after a successful OTA update. See on_end.
on_error (Optional, Automation): An action to be performed after a failed OTA update. See on_error.
on_state_change (Optional, Automation): An action to be performed when an OTA update state change happens. See on_state_change.
Note
Please be aware that ESP8266 modules must be reset after a serial
upload before OTA can work.
When you are trying to conduct an OTA update and receive an error message
Bad Answer: ERR: ERROR[11]: Invalid bootstrapping
the reason is
very likely that power-cycling the ESP module is required once after
the serial upload.
OTA Automation¶
The OTA component provides various automations that can be used to provide feedback during an OTA update. There are a few things to consider when making use of the provided automation triggers:
An OTA update blocks the main loop during its operation. This means that you won’t be able to represent state changes using components that update their output only from within their
loop()
method. Explained differently: if you try to display the OTA progress using component X, but the update only appears after the OTA update finished, then component X cannot be used for providing OTA update feedback.Make sure that your automation actions do not take too much time, to prevent them from blocking the OTA update code for too long.
on_begin
¶
This automation will be triggered when an OTA update is started.
ota:
on_begin:
then:
- logger.log: "OTA start"
on_progress
¶
Using this automation, it is possible to report on the OTA update progress.
It will be triggered multiple times during the OTA update. You can get the actual
progress percentage (a value between 0 and 100) from the trigger with variable x
.
ota:
on_progress:
then:
- logger.log:
format: "OTA progress %0.1f%%"
args: ["x"]
on_end
¶
This automation will be triggered when an OTA update has completed successfully, right before the device is rebooted.
Because the update has completed, you can safely use an automation action that takes some time to complete. This can for example be useful if you want to flash a LED or so, in which case a pause would be required to make the LED light up for long enough, before the reboot turns it off.
ota:
on_end:
then:
- logger.log: "OTA end"
on_error
¶
This automation will be triggered when an OTA update has failed. You can get
the internal error code with variable x
.
Just like for on_end, you can safely use an automation that takes some time to complete, because the OTA update is no longer busy.
ota:
on_error:
then:
- logger.log:
format: "OTA update error %d"
args: ["x"]
on_state_change
¶
This automation will be triggered on every state change. You can get the actual
state with variable state
, which will contain one of values for the OTAState
enum. These values are:
ota::OTA_STARTED
ota::OTA_IN_PROGRESS
(will be called multiple times during the update)ota::OTA_COMPLETED
ota::OTA_ERROR
ota:
on_state_change:
then:
- if:
condition:
lambda: return state == ota::OTA_STARTED
then:
- logger.log: "OTA start"
Updating the password:¶
Changing an existing password:¶
Since the password is used both for compiling and uploading the regular esphome <file> run
won’t work of course. This issue can be worked around by executing the operations separately
through an on_boot
trigger:
esphome:
on_boot:
- lambda: |-
id(my_ota).set_auth_password("New password");
ota:
password: "Old password"
id: my_ota
Adding a password:¶
If OTA is already enabled without a password, simply add a password:
line to the existing
ota:
config block.